The Influence of International Migration on Demographic Indicators in the Republic of Moldova at the Current Stage

Abstract

The study of international migration effects has become essential at this stage. Thus, the Republic of Moldova was touched by the massive migration phenomenon, being hit by a huge wave of emigration, the main cause being the economic situation in the country. In this article, the author correlates three complex phenomena: migration, demographic indicators and socio-economic stability in the Republic of Moldova. The study will analyze the demographic consequences from the historiographical and theoretical-methodological perspective, all the more so since the category of emigrants for economic reasons in recent years is composed of young people (around the age of 35). Consequently, the Republic of Moldova faces an accelerated process of its own population aging. The most serious problem, however, is the temporary abandonment of minors by migrant parents, and national authorities must develop policies to monitor them, which are often inefficient or do not meet European standards.

The multidimensional approach is taken to the concept of migration in terms of its impact on the demographic indicators and the prospects for settlement. The tendency to remain definitive in the destination country is well known and leads to considerable losses among the population. This loss results in a decrease in the economic growth rate, but at the same time social one, because the human factor is the most important source of economic growth. It is estimated that by 2040 more than one billion inhabitants of the planet will leave their place of origin to seek their place elsewhere. Such an evolution is objective and corresponds to advanced economic and social characteristics, especially in European areas. Developed economy, guaranteed jobs, respected human rights, full affirmation, especially among women, as well as a cultured society have contributed to the increase of Moldovan citizens' emigration.

The article aims at a preliminary analysis of the relations between the components of international migration and the dynamics of the Republic of Moldova's population.

In conclusion, the author points out the dependence on the economic, social, cultural and political advantages of Moldovan citizens, as well as the achievements and reforms of the national authorities in the process of European integration. In the absence of the political actors' awareness of the demographic crisis in the Republic of Moldova, the negative demographic forecasts for the coming years will be difficult to alleviate. To this end, to take the necessary actions and measures or to promote policies to stop this phenomenon, the negative effects identified in the emigration can be corrected and resolved.

Keywords: demographic indicators, the Republic of Moldova, migration and European integration