Georgia’s and Ukraine’s Cooperation With NATO: Past, Status Quo and Future Perspective
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31861/mhpi2022.45.100-112Keywords:
Georgia, Ukraine, NATO, cooperation, membership perspectiveAbstract
Georgia and Ukraine have the strongest institutional, legal, and practical ties to NATO among post-Soviet states. The progressive strengthening of relations with the North Atlantic Alliance is a means for both nations to attain a future strategic objective in this direction – NATO membership. Georgia and Ukraine are implementing reforms for this purpose, displaying their dedication to democratic society's guiding ideals. Furthermore, governments are making systematic efforts to conform to Alliance military standards. Russia's growing hostility is a major impediment to Georgia and Ukraine joining NATO. The events of the war in August 2008 and the war on Ukrainian territory, which began in 2014, demonstrate that the Kremlin is willing to engage in open military aggression to prevent Georgia and Ukraine from joining NATO. The Kremlin's geopolitical goals have been severely hampered by Russia's large-scale conflict with Ukraine. But, despite significant help from Western governments to the Ukrainian state, including military aid, the question of Ukraine's and Georgia's participation in NATO remains open.
References
Horbulin, V. (2004), Stratehiia vzaiemovidnosyn Ukrainy z NATO: retrospektyvnyi ohliad. Ukraina-NATO, № 1, р. 4-16.
Horbulin, V. (2017), Svitova hibrydna viina. Ukrainskyi front. Kharkiv, Folio, 496 p.
Hurak, I. (2016), Reakciya NATO na rossijskuyu agressiyu v Ukraine: imitaciya sderzhivaniya v kontekste „politiki umirotvoreniYA” ili real'naya deyatel'nost'. Wschód Europy. Studia humanistyczno-społeczne, vol. 2, Nr. 1, p. 129-142.
Hurak, I. (2018), Respublika Polshcha yak odyn iz kliuchovykh partneriv Ukrainy na mizhnarodnii areni. Sprawy Międzynarodowe, tom LXXI, Nr. 3, p. 195-242.
Dzherdzh, S. (2007), Ukraina – NATO: spivrobitnytstvo zarady bezpeky. Kyiv, Tovarystvo «Znannia» Ukrainy, 96 р.
Zakon Ukrainy “Pro vnesennia zmin do Konstytutsii Ukrainy (shchodo stratehichnoho kursu derzhavy na nabuttia povnopravnoho chlenstva Ukrainy v Yevropeiskomu Soiuzi ta v Orhanizatsii Pivnichnoatlantychnoho dohovoru)ˮ. 07.02.2019, available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/rada/show/ 2680-19#Text (accessed 28.04.2022).
Informatsiina dovidka shchodo adaptatsii zakonodavstva Ukrainy do zakonodavstva YeS. 11.08.2008, available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20120301060845/http://comeuroint.rada.gov.ua/ komevroint/control/uk/publish/article?art_id=48745&cat_id=45628 (accessed 18.02.2022).
Ishchenko, N. (2019), Yak potrapyty do NATO. Shcho dopomozhe i shcho zavadyt Ukraini pryiednatysia do Pivnichnoatlantychnoho aliansu, available at: https://day.kyiv.ua/uk/article/ podrobyci/yak-potrapyty-do-nato (accessed 10.02.2022).
Makron pohovoryv z Putinym vpershe pislia misiatsia perervy, 03.05.2022, available at: https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2022/05/3/7343761/, (accessed 04.05.2022).
Perepelytsia, H. (2001), Vstup do NATO yak rezultat yevroatlantychnoho vyboru Ukrainy. Ekonomichnyi chasopys, № 6, p. 29-30.
Pidtrymka vstupu Ukrainy do NATO naivyshcha z 2014 roku – “Reitynhˮ. 17.02.2022, available at: https://www.eurointegration.com.ua/news/2022/02/17/7134181/ (accessed 25.03.2022).
Poslannia Prezydenta Ukrainy do Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. Yevropeiskyi vybir. Kontseptualni zasady stratehii ekonomichnoho ta sotsialnoho rozvytku Ukrainy na 2002-2011 roky. 30.04.2002, available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/n0001100-02#Text (accessed 27.01.2022);
Postanova Verkhovnoi rady Ukrainy. Pro Rekomendatsii parlamentskykh slukhan pro vzaiemovidnosyny ta spivrobitnytstvo Ukrainy z NATO. 21.11.2002, available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/233-IV#Textб (accessed 27.01.2022).
Potiekhin, O. (2017), NATO i yevropeiska stabilnist Chastyna 3. Yaderne strymuvannia. Zovnishni spravy, №3, p. 10-15.
Rishennia samitu v «Ramshtaini»: naskilky vono nablyzylo Ukrainu do NATO. 27.04.2022, available at: https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-ato/3469153-risenna-samitu-v-rajmstajni-naskilki-vono-nablizilo-ukrainu-do-nato.html (accessed 28.04.2022).
Tymchasovo okupovani terytorii. N. d., available at: https://minre.gov.ua/section/tymchasovo-okupovani-terytoriyi (accessed 22.04.2022).
Todorov, I. (2018), Richna natsionalna prohrama yak instrument yevroatlantychnoi intehratsii Ukrainy. UA: Ukraine Analytica, 4 (14), р. 28-33.
Uhorshchyna ne dozvolyt postachannia zbroi Ukraini cherez svoiu terytoriiu i ne vidmovytsia vid rosiiskykh nafty ta hazu – hlava MZS. 25.03.2022, available at: https://ua.interfax.com.ua/ news/political/817802.html (accessed 30.03.2022).
Feduniak, S. (2012), Perspektyvy pozablokovosti Ukrainy u konteksti suchasnykh tendentsii u sferi bezpeky. Aktualni problemy mizhnarodnykh vidnosyn, № 111, р. 32-36.
rokiv Nezalezhnosti: yak zminiuvalosia stavlennia ukraintsiv do chlenstva v NATO. 24.08.2021, available at: https://www.slovoidilo.ua/2021/08/24/infografika/suspilstvo/30-rokiv-nezalezhnosti-yak-zminyuvalosya-stavlennya-ukrayincziv-chlenstva-nato (accessed 15.01.2022).
Annual National Programme under the auspices of NATO-Ukraine Commission for 2020, Mission of Ukraine to the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation. 11.02.2022, available at: https://nato.mfa.gov.ua/en/documents/annual-national-programme-under-auspices-nato-ukraine-commission-2018 (accessed 18.03.2022).
All Information (Except Text) for S.3522 – Ukraine Democracy Defense Lend-Lease Act of 2022. 19.01.2022, available at: https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/senate-bill/3522/all-info (accessed 25.01.2022).
Bucharest Summit Declaration, Issued by the Heads of State and Government participating in the meeting of the North Atlantic Council in Bucharest on 3 April 2008. 08.04.2008, available at: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/official_texts_8443.htm (accessed 10.02.2022).
Bush praises Georgian democracy. 10.05.2005, available at: http://news.bbc.co.uk/ 2/hi/europe/4531273.stm (accessed 10.02.2022).
Centre for Strategic Communications StratCom Ukraine. N. d., available at: https://stratcomua.org/en/about (accessed 10.04.2022).
Charter on a Distinctive Partnership between the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and Ukraine. 04.03.2009, available at: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/official_texts_25457.htm (accessed 10.04.2022).
De-occupation plan called “Small Steps Mechanismˮ. N. d., available at: https://mvs.gov.ua/ministry/projekti-mvs/deokupaciya-donbasu-1096 (accessed 26.04.2021).
Government approves draft Presidential Decree on Strategy for Communication of National Euro-Atlantic Integration Policy. 20.05.2021, available at: https://www.kmu.gov.ua/en/news/uryad-shvaliv-proekt-ukazu-prezidenta-pro-strategiyu-komunikaciyi-derzhavnoyi-politiki-yevroatlantichnoyi-integraciyi (accessed 26.04.2021).
Kintsurashvili, T. (2016), Assessment of the EU Integration Communication and Information Strategy and its Action Plan of the Government of Georgia 2016. Survey Report. Media development foundation, 68 p.
Most Ukrainians favor joining NATO. 28.12.2016., available at: https://en.interfax.com.ua/ news/general/393739.html (accessed 26.04.2022).
NATO Allies agree to further strengthen and sustain support for Ukraine. 07.04.2022, available at: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/news_194319.htm (accessed 10.04.2022).
NATO-Georgia Cooperation. N. d., available at: https://mod.gov.ge/en/page/38/nato-georgia-cooperation (accessed 29.04.2022).
NATO-Georgia Relations. 01.04.2014, available at: nato.int/nato_static/assets/pdf/ pdf_2014_04/20140331_140401-media-backgrounder-georgia_en.pdf (accessed 27.04.2022).
NATO, Relations with Georgia, 12.04.2022, available at: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/ topics_38988.htm (accessed 30.04.2022).
NATO, Relations with Ukraine, 11.03.2022, available at: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/ topics_37750.htm (accessed 29.04.2022).
NATO’s Enhanced Opportunities Program for Ukraine. 24.07.2020, available at: https://www.mil.gov.ua/en/news/2020/07/24/natos-enhanced-opportunities-program-for-ukraine/ (accessed 28.04.2022).
NATO Ukraine. A Distinctive Partnership. 2007, available at: https://www.nato.int/ nato_static/assets/pdf/pdf_2007_06/20090304_nato-ukraine2007-e.pdf (accessed 28.04.2022).
Public Law 117–118. 117th Congress. 09.05.2022, available at: https://www.congress.gov/ 117/plaws/publ118/PLAW-117publ118.pdf (accessed 10.05.2022).
Piergo, A. (2008), NATO Cooperation Towards South Caucasus. Caucasian Review of International Affairs, no. 1, available at: http://cria-online.org/2_7.html (accessed 25.04.2022).
Relations with Georgia. 12.04.2022, available at: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/ topics_38988.htm, (accessed 26.04.2022).
Report summarizing the results of the referendum on January 5, 2008. 15.01.2021, available at: https://cesko.ge/geo/list/show/1167-saqartvelos-centraluri-saarchevno-komisiis-2008-wlis-5-ianvris (accessed 10.05.2022).
Rondeli, A. (2000), Security Problems in the Caucasus in: The Caspian Sea: A Quest for Environmental Security, NATO Science Series book series: 2, ASEN2, vol. 67, p 125-134.
Rondeli, A. (2012), A view from Tbilisi. European Security, 21(1), p. 122-127.
Sharashenidze T. (2019), Too normal? Georgia, democracy, and the ‘Gavrilov crisis’, available at: https://ecfr.eu/profile/tornike-sharashenidze/ (accessed 27.04.2022).
Statement by NATO Heads of State and Government. 24.03.2022, available at: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/official_texts_193719.htm (accessed 25.03.2022).
State Strategy on Occupied Territories: Engagement Through Cooperation, Government of Georgia. N. d., available at: http://www.civil.ge/files/files/SMR-Strategy-en.pdf (accessed 28.09.2021).
Substantial NATO-Georgia Package. N. d., available at: https://mod.gov.ge/en/page/ 65/substantial-package (accessed 26.04.2022).
Substantial NATO-Georgia Package (SNGP). N. d., available at: https://www.nato.int/nato_ static_fl2014/assets/pdf/pdf_2016_02/20160303_160209-factsheet-sngp-full-eng.pdf (accessed 29.04. 2022).
Cornell S.E., Starr S.F., Tsereteli, M., (2015), A Western Strategy for the South Caucasus. Silk Road Paper, 62 p.
Tarkhan-Mouravi, G. (2016), External Political Actors and Influences in the South Caucasus. Sociology and Anthropology, Vol. 4(8), p. 698-709.
Tarkhan-Mouravi, G., Leszczenko, L. (2019), Cykl polityczny w społeczeństwie w czasach transformacji. Przypadek Gruzji. Sprawy Międzynarodowe, 72 (1), p. 157-173.
Tsereteli, M. (2010), New Strategic Realities in the Black Sea/Caspian Region, Central Asia-Caucasus Analyst, available at: http://www.cacianalyst.org/publications/analytical-articles/ item/11998-analytical-articles-caci-analyst-2010-2-17-art-11998.html (accessed 19.04.2022).
Tsereteli M. (2018), The West Should Stand Stronger With Georgia, Atlantic Council, available at: https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/new-atlanticist/the-west-should-stand-stronger-with-georgia/ (accessed 21.IV.2022).
Tsereteli, M. (2021), Black Sea Connectivity and the South Caucasus, available at: https://www.mei.edu/sites/default/files/2021-03/Black%20Sea%20Connectivity%20and%20SC%20 FINAL%20_0.pdf (accessed 20.04.2022).
Vergun, D. (2021), Ukraine Making Progress on Defense Reforms, available at: https://www.defense.gov/Explore/News/Article/Article/2648670/ukraine-making-progress-on-defense-reforms-official-says/ (accessed 27.04.2022).
Zalkaliani, D. (2014), Georgian Foreign Policy in a New Era. Russia, and Eurasia Programme Meeting Summary, Chatham House, The Royal Institute of International Affairs, p. 4, available at: https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/home/chatham/public_html/sites/ default/files/20140318GeorgianForeignPolicyZalkaliani.pdf (accessed 21.04.2022).
Saqartvelos parlamentis dadgenileba, saqartvelos chrdiloatlantikuri khelshekrulebis organizaciashi (natoshi) gatsevrianebis procesis datskhebis shesakheb. 13.09.2002, available at: https://www.matsne.gov.ge/ka/document/view/41536?publication=0 (accessed 28.04.2022).
Wilson D. (2016), Varshavis samitze arsebiti cvlilebebi mosalodneli ar aris, available at: http://www.amerikiskhma.com/a/damon-wilson-on-joint-drills-and-nato/3329345.html (accessed 23.04. 2022).
Sharashenidze, T. (2015), diplomatiis istoria, available at: https://gipa.ge/eng/list/show/510-Presentation-of-Tornike-Sharashenidzes-new-book--The-History-of-Diplomacy (accessed 26.04. 2022).
Chkhikvadze, A. (2020), Nato-saqartvelos urtiertobis istoria, gamotsvevebi da perspeqtiva, available at: https://www.amerikiskhma.com/a/georgias-path-to-nato-historical-overview/5548 446.html (accessed 26.04.2021).
Gogua G. (2018), Ipove sheni gvari 1907 tslis peticiashi rusetis tsinaaghmdeg, available at: https://www.radiotavisupleba.ge/a/ipove-sheni-gvari-peticiashi-rusetis-cinaagmdeg/29127639.html?fb clid=IwAR2NykOwW0tHsKb4bMHNJVkDSnkg4ytD4SJdEEozwbUos3mbx-MuPutEiig#წ (accessed 21.04.2022).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
